Lactuca indica L. Bioactive Compounds and Yield to Integrated Nutrient Management in Acidic Ultisols

Abstract

Sustainable nutrient management is essential for improving crop productivity and nutritional quality in acidic soils, where nutrient availability and soil constraints often limit plant performance. This study evaluates the response of Lactuca indica L. to integrated nutrient management (INM) practices in acidic Ultisols, with a focus on yield attributes and bioactive compound accumulation. A field experiment was conducted using combinations of organic amendments, inorganic fertilizers, and microbial inputs to assess their effects on plant growth, soil properties, and phytochemical composition. The results demonstrated that integrated nutrient management significantly enhanced soil fertility by improving pH balance, nutrient availability, and microbial activity. These improvements translated into increased biomass production and higher marketable yield compared to sole application of chemical fertilizers or organic inputs. Additionally, INM treatments promoted the accumulation of bioactive compounds, including phenolics and flavonoids, contributing to improved nutritional and functional quality of the crop. The synergistic interaction between organic and inorganic nutrient sources facilitated efficient nutrient uptake and sustained plant growth under acidic soil conditions. While analytical techniques were employed to quantify yield and biochemical parameters, the primary emphasis remained on agronomic performance and soil–plant interactions. The findings highlight the effectiveness of integrated nutrient management as a practical strategy to enhance productivity and quality of Lactuca indica in challenging soil environments. This study contributes to sustainable agriculture by supporting balanced nutrient use, improving soil health, and promoting the production of nutritionally enriched leafy vegetables.