Different Drying Methods on the Physicochemical Properties and Prebiotic Potential of Inulin Extracted from Cichorium intybus

Abstract

Processing methods play a crucial role in determining the functional quality and health-promoting properties of plant-derived biopolymers. This study evaluates the influence of different drying methods on the physicochemical properties and prebiotic potential of inulin extracted from Cichorium intybus. Inulin extracts were subjected to various drying techniques, including hot-air drying, freeze-drying, and vacuum drying, to assess their effects on structural integrity, solubility, thermal stability, and functional characteristics. The results indicated that drying methods significantly influenced the quality of inulin, with freeze-drying best preserving its structural and functional properties, including higher solubility and minimal degradation. Hot-air drying, while more economical, resulted in partial structural changes and reduced functional efficiency. Vacuum drying offered intermediate results, maintaining acceptable quality with improved processing efficiency. The prebiotic potential of inulin, evaluated through its ability to support beneficial microbial growth, was highest in freeze-dried samples, reflecting better preservation of its molecular structure. Variations in drying conditions affected the degree of polymerization and bioactivity, thereby influencing its functional applications. While analytical techniques were used to characterize physicochemical and biological properties, the primary focus remained on post-harvest processing and value addition of agricultural products. The findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate drying techniques to preserve the functional quality of inulin derived from Cichorium intybus. This study contributes to sustainable agriculture by supporting the development of value-added products with enhanced nutritional and functional benefits.