Influence of Irrigation Frequency on Bulb Size Distribution and Dry Matter Content in Garlic

Abstract

The optimization of irrigation frequency is critical for improving yield quality and resource efficiency in bulb crops such as garlic. This study investigates the influence of irrigation frequency on bulb size distribution and dry matter content in garlic to identify optimal watering strategies for enhanced crop performance. The proposed methodology involves controlled field experiments under varying irrigation intervals, combined with data-driven analytical approaches. Key parameters, including soil moisture levels, bulb size classification, yield components, and dry matter content, are measured using soil sensors and standard agronomic techniques. The collected data are preprocessed through cleaning, normalization, and statistical validation to ensure consistency and accuracy. Advanced analytical and machine learning models, such as regression analysis, Random Forest, and Artificial Neural Networks, are employed to evaluate the relationship between irrigation frequency and crop quality attributes. Experimental results indicate that moderate irrigation frequency maintains optimal soil moisture conditions, leading to a higher proportion of marketable bulb sizes and improved uniformity. Excessive irrigation results in reduced dry matter content due to higher water accumulation in bulbs, while infrequent irrigation leads to moisture stress, limiting bulb development and reducing yield quality. The study also highlights the importance of synchronizing irrigation with critical growth stages to maximize dry matter accumulation and bulb enlargement. The findings demonstrate that optimized irrigation frequency significantly enhances both yield quality and water use efficiency. The study concludes that precise irrigation scheduling based on crop water requirements provides a sustainable and effective approach for improving garlic production and resource management.