Influence of Nano-Zeolite Soil Amendment on Ammonia Volatilization and Nitrogen Recovery Efficiency in Tropical Maize Production

Abstract

Nitrogen losses through ammonia volatilization are a major constraint to fertilizer efficiency and environmental sustainability in tropical maize production systems. This study evaluates the influence of nano-zeolite as a soil amendment on ammonia volatilization and nitrogen recovery efficiency in maize under tropical field conditions. Experimental treatments included conventional nitrogen fertilization with and without nano-zeolite incorporation at varying rates to assess their effects on nitrogen dynamics, crop growth, and yield. Key parameters measured included ammonia volatilization losses, soil ammonium retention, nitrogen uptake, recovery efficiency, and grain yield. Results indicated that nano-zeolite application significantly reduced ammonia volatilization by enhancing ammonium adsorption and retention in the soil matrix. This improved nitrogen availability for plant uptake, leading to increased nitrogen recovery efficiency and enhanced maize growth and productivity. Treated plots exhibited higher biomass accumulation and grain yield compared to conventional fertilization practices. Moderate nano-zeolite application rates provided optimal results by balancing nitrogen retention and availability, while excessive application showed diminishing benefits. The study highlights the potential of nano-zeolite as an effective soil amendment to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce environmental losses in tropical cropping systems. While analytical methods were used to assess nitrogen transformations and plant responses, the primary focus remains on agronomic performance and sustainable nutrient management. These findings provide practical insights for farmers to optimize fertilizer use, improve crop productivity, and minimize nitrogen losses, contributing to more efficient and environmentally responsible maize production.